Produced from Chardonnay wine grapes sourced from high density vineyard blocks of significant vine age up to 40 years, specifically established and managed for table wine production in the Pipers Brook district. Close proximity to the sea gives these vines a distinctly cool maritime climate and a protracted growing season with gradual flavour and sugar accumulation. Sites in the Pipers Brook district feature Ferrosol (volcanic) soils, also known as kraznozems. Basalt-derived, they have excellent water holding capacity, offering a steady supply of moisture and nourishment to vines that are managed without the use of on-site drip-irrigation. Vines are grown predominantly on cane-pruned, Vertical Shoot Positioned (VSP) trellises that are hedge-trimmed in summer to provide increased bunch exposure to the sun. Row-spacings are narrow, typically 1.8 metres.